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US commercial petroleum inventories were little changed this week according to the Energy Information Administration's Summary of Weekly Petroleum Data for the Week Ending April 13, 2007. Crude oil inventories fell 1 million barrels (.3%) while total commercial petroleum inventories rose .3 million barrels. The more important news items from the summary were increases in imports, gasoline production and refining, with refinery activity moving above 90% of capacity. This Week in Petroleum weighed in with some hopeful analysis for summer vacationers:

Looking back to the beginning of this decade, there have been numerous instances when the U.S. average retail price for regular gasoline was actually lower around Memorial Day or July 4 than it was in mid-April. The table below shows that in the seven years so far this decade, the average retail price fell between mid-April and Memorial Day three years, and in four of the seven years it was lower around July 4 than it was in mid-April. Given that prices have risen much more than they typically do during the first part of this year (see the March 14 edition of This Week in Petroleum ), it wouldn’t be too surprising to see prices began to stabilize or decline over the next several weeks.

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Summary of Weekly Petroleum Data for the Week Ending April 13, 2007

U.S. crude oil refinery inputs averaged over 15.4 million barrels per day during
the week ending April 13, up 372,000 barrels per day from the previous week's
average. Refineries operated at 90.4 percent of their operable capacity last
week. Gasoline production increased compared to the previous week, averaging
nearly 8.7 million barrels per day, while distillate fuel production declined
slightly, averaging over 4.2 million barrels per day.

U.S. crude oil imports averaged over 9.9 million barrels per day last week, up
115,000 barrels per day from the previous week. Over the last four weeks, crude
oil imports have averaged 9.9 million barrels per day, or 84,000 barrels per day
more than averaged over the same four-week period last year. Total motor
gasoline imports (including both finished gasoline and gasoline blending
components) last week averaged over 1.0 million barrels per day. Distillate fuel
imports averaged 263,000 barrels per day last week.

U.S. commercial crude oil inventories (excluding those in the Strategic
Petroleum Reserve) decreased by 1.0 million barrels compared to the previous
week. At 332.4 million barrels, U.S. crude oil inventories are in the upper
half of the average range for this time of year. Total motor gasoline
inventories fell by 2.7 million barrels last week, and are below the lower end
of the average range. Distillate fuel inventories declined by 0.8 million
barrels, and are just below the upper end of the average range for this time of
year. Heating oil inventories (high-sulfur) fell last week, while diesel fuel
inventories (the sum of ultra-low and low-sulfur) inventories reported a slight
drop. Propane/propylene inventories rose by 0.2 million barrels last week.
Total commercial petroleum inventories increased by 0.3 million barrels last
week, and are in the upper half of the average range for this time of year.

Total products supplied over the last four-week period has averaged 20.8 million
barrels per day, or 1.6 percent above the same period last year. Over the last
four weeks, motor gasoline demand has averaged nearly 9.4 million barrels per
day, or 2.5 percent above the same period last year. Distillate fuel demand has
averaged over 4.3 million barrels per day over the last four weeks, up 0.9
percent compared to the same period last year. Jet fuel demand is down 1.3
percent over the last four weeks compared to the same four-week period last
year.

Full current report [PDF file in popup window]

This Week in Petroleum: April 18, 2007

What Season Is It?
People living in the eastern and northern parts of the country might be forgiven if they thought it was still winter, given the cold temperatures experienced so far this month. But if you were filling up your car at a gas station recently, you might think it was the middle of summer, given how high gasoline prices are right now. With everyone naturally wondering what might be in store for the future, a look at recent data can provide some important context.

Looking back to the beginning of this decade, there have been numerous instances when the U.S. average retail price for regular gasoline was actually lower around Memorial Day or July 4 than it was in mid-April. The table below shows that in the seven years so far this decade, the average retail price fell between mid-April and Memorial Day three years, and in four of the seven years it was lower around July 4 than it was in mid-April. Given that prices have risen much more than they typically do during the first part of this year (see the March 14 edition of This Week in Petroleum ), it wouldn’t be too surprising to see prices began to stabilize or decline over the next several weeks.

Retail Gasoline Price Trends in Spring and Early Summer (cents per gallon)

High prices encourage increases in supply, which eventually lead to falling prices. Of course, it is impossible to know with 100 percent certainty when prices will eventually turn and head lower. Our analysis of recent movements in spot prices and gasoline supplies indicate that when our weekly survey on prices is released next Monday, it will likely show prices very close to those seen this past Monday or possibly somewhat lower. Whether any price decline observed over the next few weeks continues for a substantial period will depend on whether increases in domestic production of gasoline and increased imports are sustained. EIA’s Short-Term Energy Outlook , released on April 10 forecast a monthly average peak for retail prices of $2.87 per gallon occurring in May. While prices as of Monday, April 16 are actually already at that level, it should be noted that the monthly average for April is still considerably less, with the first three weeks averaging just under $2.80 per gallon. Thus, on this basis, the average retail price remains below EIA’s peak price forecasted for this summer.

Predicting the timing of retail price movements is even harder than predicting monthly averages. There will inevitably be a lot of weekly fluctuations. But unless spot prices rise again soon, we may be close to seeing the first downward movement in the average retail price for regular gasoline this spring. Yes, Virginia (and all other states as well), it is spring right now, no matter what the thermometer reads.

Retail Gasoline and Diesel Prices Increase Again
For the eleventh consecutive week, gasoline prices increased, climbing 7.4 cents to 287.6 cents per gallon for the week of April 16, 2007. Prices are now 9.3 cents per gallon higher than at this time last year. All regions reported higher prices. East Coast prices were up 8.4 cents to 283.9 cents per gallon. The Midwest saw prices rise 6.3 cents to 280.7 cents per gallon. The largest regional increase was in the Gulf Coast, with prices up 8.8 cents to 276.3 cents per gallon. Rocky Mountain prices increased 8.2 cents to 280.1 cents per gallon. West Coast prices were up 5.7 cents to 319.5 cents per gallon, with the average price for regular grade in California up 5.3 cents to 330.5 cents per gallon, 40.9 cents per gallon above last year's price.

Retail diesel prices were also up this week, rising 3.7 cents to 287.7 cents per gallon. Prices are now 11.2 cents per gallon higher than at this time last year. All regions reported price increases. The East Coast saw the largest increase, with prices rising 4.9 cents to 286.2 cents per gallon. In the Midwest, prices were up 2.9 cents to 286.4 cents per gallon, while the Gulf Coast saw an increase of 3.9 cents to 284.9 cents per gallon. Rocky Mountain prices were up 3.0 cents to 298.1 cents per gallon. Prices on the West Coast saw an increase of 3.5 cents to 295.6 cents per gallon. California prices rose 3.7 cents to 301.5 cents per gallon, 8.2 cents per gallon higher than at this time last year.

Propane Inventories Edge Higher
Following on the heels of the first post-winter season build, propane stockholders continued replenishing inventories last week with a modest 0.2-million-barrel build that moved inventories up slightly to an estimated 26.0 million barrels as of April 13, 2007. East Coast inventories reported the only stockdraw last week, measuring 0.1 million barrels, most likely in response to the severe late winter storm that pummeled the region during this same period. Elsewhere, propane inventories gained 0.2 million barrels in the Midwest and 0.1 million barrels in the Gulf Coast, while they remained relatively unchanged in the combined Rocky Mountain/West Coast regions last week. Propylene non-fuel use inventories continued to account for a smaller share of total propane/propylene inventories following last week’s drop of 0.1 million barrels that put this fuel’s share at 8.9 percent, down from the prior week’s 9.1 percent share.